Angklung from Indonesia

What is Angklung :

Angklung is a musical instrument multitonal (double pitched) istraditionally grown in the Sundanese-speaking community in the western part of Java Island. This musical instrument made ​​ofbamboo, sounded shaken by the way (the sound caused by impactbodies of bamboo pipes) so as to produce a vibrating sound in the arrangement of tones 2, 3, and 4 tones in every size, both large and small. Angklung is listed as Masterpieces of the Oral and Cultural Heritage of UNESCO Human Nonbendawi since November 2010.

Origin of Angklung :

There is no indication since when angklung used, but supposedlyprimitive forms have been used in Neolithic culture that developedin the archipelago until the beginning of the modern calendar, so that angklung is part of the relics of pre-culture of Hinduism in the archipelago.

Notes on the emerging angklung referring to the Kingdom of Sunda(the 12th century until the 16th century). The origin of the creation ofthe music of bamboo, such as the angklung is based on the viewthat the agrarian life of the Sunda with the lifeblood of rice (pare) as a staple food. This gave rise to the myth of confidence in Sri NyaiPohaci as a symbol of life-giving Goddess of Rice (breathe-hurip).Bedouin society, which is regarded as the remnants of the original Sundanese, apply angklung as part of the ritual began planting rice.Gubrag angklung game in Jasinga, Bogor, is one that is still alivesince more than 400 years ago. Appearance of the rite begins withrice. Angklung is created and played for Dewi Sri lure down to earthso that the people of rice plants to flourish.

Species of bamboo which is used as the instrument is a blackbamboo (awi wulung) and white bamboo (awi friend). Each tone(barrel) resulting from the sound of tube-shaped bamboo slats(wilahan) each segment of bamboo from small to large size.

Known by the Sundanese since the Sunda kingdom, of which aspenggugah spirit in battle. Angklung as a function of pumping the spirit of the people still continued to feel until the colonial period, that is why the Dutch government could ban the use of angklung, the bancould make angklung popularity declined and only played by children at that time.

The next song offerings to Dewi Sri is accompanied by the sound ofpercussion accompaniment made ​​of bamboo poles are simplepackaged structure which then was born the bamboo musical instrument we know today called angklung. Similarly, at the time ofharvest festival and is dedicated game angklung seren epidemic.Especially in the presentation ceremony Angklung related to rice,this art became a nature show or helaran procession, even in someplaces into the convoy and Dongdang Rengkong and Jampana(stretcher food) and so on.

During its development, angklung evolved and spread throughout Java, and Borneo and Sumatra. In 1908 recorded a cultural missionfrom Indonesia to Thailand, among others, characterized the submission angklung, bamboo music and games also had spreadthere.

In fact, since 1966, Udjo Ngalagena angklung figures who developed the technique based on the barrel-barrel game pelog,salendro, and madenda-start teaching how to play angklung to many people from various communities.

Wallpapaers of Angklung from Indonesia :

This type of "Variety" Batik

=types of batik=

According to the technique :

"Batik Tulis" - Batik is a fabric textures and patterns decorated with batik by hand.Batik this type takes approximately 2-3 months.

"Batik Cap" - Batik cap is decorated with fabric textures and patterns created with batik stamp (usually made ​​of copper). Batik-making process of this type take approximately 2-3 days.

"Batik Lukis" - Batik is the process of making batik painting by painting directly onthe white cloth.

According to the origin of manufacture :

Javanese batik...

Javanese batik art is a cultural heritage of Indonesia, especiallyJava-controlled areas of the Javanese people for generations.Javanese batik motifs have different. This motif is commondifferences dikarnakan motives that have meaning, the purpose is not just an image but it implies that they can from their ancestors,the religious animism, dynamism or Hindu and Buddhist. Javanesebatik developed in many areas Solo or commonly known as Solobatik.

Three Batik Affairs

Javanese batik with bird and floral motifs

Batik Buketan Pekalongan shows European flower bouquet

Batik Lasem with its typical bright red

Batik Java Hokokai demonstrated Japanese influenced motifs

History of "Batik"

The word "batik" comes from the combination of two Javanese word "amba", meaning "writing" and "titik" a meaningful.


The art of dyeing cloth with obstacles staining technique using the night is one of the ancient art form. Discoveries in Egypt showedthat this technique has been known since the 4th century BC, with the discovery of a mummy wrapping cloth which is also coated the night to form a pattern. In Asia, batik similar technique is alsoapplied in China during the T'ang Dynasty (618-907) as well as inIndia and Japan during the Nara Period (645-794). In Africa, such as the batik technique known by the Yoruba tribe in Nigeria, as well as the Soninke and Wolof tribe in Senegal. In Indonesia, batik isbelieved to have existed since the Majapahit era, and became verypopular late eighteenth century or early nineteenth century.Produced batik batik is all up to the early twentieth century and the new batik known after World War I or sometime in the 1920s. 


Although the word "batik" comes from the Javanese, the presence of batik in Java itself is not recorded. G.P. Rouffaer argues that thebatik technique is likely to be introduced from India or Sri Lanka inthe 6th century, or to-7. On the other hand, J.L.A. Brandes (Dutcharchaeologist) and F.A. Sutjipto (archaeologist Indonesia) believethat the tradition of batik is a native of the area such as Toraja,Flores, Halmahera and Papua. It should be noted that the region isnot an area that is influenced by Hinduism, but known to the ancienttradition of making batik.
G.P. Rouffaer gringsing also reported that the pattern has been known since the 12th century in Kediri, East Java. He concludedthat this pattern can only be formed by using a canting, so he arguesthat the canting is found in Java in the period surrounding it.Detailed carvings that resemble the pattern of batik cloth worn by the Prajnaparamita, the Buddhist statues of the goddess of wisdomfrom the East Java the 13th century. Detailed dress patternfeaturing vines and delicate flowers similar to the traditional Javanese batik patterns that can be found now. This suggests that creating an intricate batik patterns can only be made ​​with a cantinghas been known in Java since the 13th century or even earlier. 


Legend in the Malay literature of the 17th century, Sulalatus Salatintold Admiral Hang Nadim ordered by Sultan Mahmud to sail to Indiato get 140 pieces of cloth with a pattern of 40 litter types of flowerson each page. Being unable to fulfill orders, he made himself the fabrics were. But unfortunately shipwrecked on the way home andonly capable of carrying four pieces that make the emperordisappointed. By some commentators, who? litter was interpretedas batik.
In European literature, batik technique was first described in the book History of Java (London, 1817) writings of Sir ThomasStamford Raffles. He had been a British governor of Java duringNapoleon occupied the Netherlands. In 1873 a Dutch merchant VanRijekevorsel give a piece of batik earned during his visit toIndonesia to Ethnic Museum in Rotterdam and at the beginning ofthe 19th century that began to reach the golden age batik. Whenexhibited at the Exposition Universelle in Paris in 1900, Indonesianbatik amaze the public and artists.
Since industrialization and globalization, which introducesautomation techniques, batik is a new type emerged, known asbatik and printed batik, while that produced by traditional batiktechniques using a canting handwriting and night is called batik. Atthe same time immigrants from Indonesia to Malaya Fellowshipalso brought along their batik.